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TON 账户创建与管理

TON 区块链中的账户管理是开发的基础，包括私钥、公钥生成和地址管理。

🔑 密钥生成​

从助记词生成密钥对​

import { mnemonicToPrivateKey } from '@ton/crypto';

const mnemonics = 'your twelve word mnemonic phrase here';
const keyPair = await mnemonicToPrivateKey(mnemonics.split(' '));

console.log('Public Key:', keyPair.publicKey.toString('hex'));
console.log('Private Key:', keyPair.secretKey.toString('hex'));

随机生成密钥对​

import { mnemonicToPrivateKey, mnemonicNew } from '@ton/crypto';

// 生成新的助记词
const newMnemonics = await mnemonicNew();
console.log('New Mnemonics:', newMnemonics.join(' '));

// 从新助记词生成密钥对
const keyPair = await mnemonicToPrivateKey(newMnemonics);

🏦 钱包合约类型​

TON 支持多种钱包合约版本，每种都有不同的特性：

WalletContractV3R2​

import { WalletContractV3R2 } from '@ton/ton';

const wallet = WalletContractV3R2.create({ 
  workchain: 0, 
  publicKey: keyPair.publicKey 
});

WalletContractV4​

import { WalletContractV4 } from '@ton/ton';

const wallet = WalletContractV4.create({ 
  workchain: 0, 
  publicKey: keyPair.publicKey 
});

WalletContractV5R1​

import { WalletContractV5R1 } from '@ton/ton';

const wallet = WalletContractV5R1.create({ 
  publicKey: keyPair.publicKey 
});

📍 地址管理​

获取钱包地址​

import { TonClient } from '@ton/ton';

const client = new TonClient({
  endpoint: 'https://toncenter.com/api/v2/jsonRPC',
});

const contract = client.open(wallet);
const address = contract.address;

// 不同格式的地址
console.log('Raw Address:', address.toString());
console.log('User-friendly (non-bounceable):', address.toString({ bounceable: false }));
console.log('URL Safe:', address.toString({ urlSafe: true }));

地址格式说明​

TON 地址有多种格式：

  • Raw 格式: 0:14b6a6afbdcb4fcb254f0e7d78f05888b3d222d05656fe6490563aaff3263a89
  • User-friendly 格式: UQAUtqavvctPyyVPDn148FiIs9Ii0FZW_mSQVjqv8yY6ibFJ
  • Base64 格式: EQAUtqavvctPyyVPDn148FiIs9Ii0FZW_mSQVjqv8yY6ieyM

地址标志位​

地址的第一个字母表示不同的标志：

开头字母二进制形式可退回仅测试网
E...000100.01是否
U...010100.01否否
k...100100.01是是
0...110100.01否是

💰 余额查询​

获取账户余额​

const balance = await contract.getBalance();
console.log('Balance:', balance.toString());
console.log('Balance in TON:', Number(balance) / 1e9);

检查合约是否已部署​

const isDeployed = await client.isContractDeployed(address);
console.log('Contract deployed:', isDeployed);

🔐 安全最佳实践​

1. 助记词管理​

  • 使用强随机性生成助记词
  • 安全存储，避免明文保存
  • 考虑使用硬件钱包

2. 密钥管理​

  • 私钥永远不要暴露给第三方
  • 使用环境变量存储敏感信息
  • 定期轮换密钥

3. 地址验证​

  • 始终验证地址格式
  • 使用正确的网络（主网/测试网）
  • 测试小额交易

📝 完整示例​

import { mnemonicToPrivateKey } from '@ton/crypto';
import { TonClient, WalletContractV4 } from '@ton/ton';

async function createAndManageAccount() {
  // 创建客户端
  const client = new TonClient({
    endpoint: 'https://toncenter.com/api/v2/jsonRPC',
    apiKey: 'YOUR_API_KEY'
  });

  // 从助记词生成密钥对
  const mnemonics = process.env.TON_MNEMONIC;
  const keyPair = await mnemonicToPrivateKey(mnemonics.split(' '));

  // 创建钱包合约
  const wallet = WalletContractV4.create({ 
    workchain: 0, 
    publicKey: keyPair.publicKey 
  });
  const contract = client.open(wallet);

  // 获取地址和余额
  const address = contract.address;
  const balance = await contract.getBalance();
  const isDeployed = await client.isContractDeployed(address);

  console.log('Wallet Address:', address.toString({ bounceable: false }));
  console.log('Balance:', balance.toString());
  console.log('Deployed:', isDeployed);

  return { contract, address, balance, isDeployed };
}

// 使用示例
createAndManageAccount().catch(console.error);